(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌͨ5ƪ
һŵĽrҪ(zhn)ý̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌѽ̌W(xu)Ҫؿһϵy(tng)̌W(xu)}_QijVҪʹ̌W(xu)Ч(yu)ΰѽ̌W(xu)O(sh)ӋcͻأСă(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌͨ5ƪHgӭx
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ1
̌W(xu)Ŀġ
1(zhn)_ɩﱯԴĶJ(rn)Rf⽨Y|(zh)
2W(xu)(x)ľC\Ф茑茑Z茑ķ
3wⱾĭh(hun)茑Ȿĵַá
̌W(xu)c
1ķ
2ﱯԴ
̌W(xu)yc
ﱯԴĶJ(rn)R⽨ƶȡ⽨Y̵|(zh)
nrnr
һnr
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1˽Сf鹝(ji)Y(ji)(gu)
2Rh(hun)茑
һƷB
1Ѹ(18811936)ԭܘˣЇF(xin)ČW(xu)ҡ˼ҺČW(xu)ĵ
ѸСfСȺ塷Ⱥ19181922g14ƪƷġǰ^ĕrɫ҂ڳAW(xu)^ġl(xing)ҼԼ҂ҪW(xu)ġˎQȶxԡȺ
塷19241925ġףھƘϡšx顷ȹ11ƪСfӳѸ20ڵ˼F(xin)̽ҳ·ĿFף҂ЌW(xu)AW(xu)ѸСfΨһһƪxԡ塷ġ
ѸСfѵĬF(xin)xW(xu)(x)СfY(ji)(gu)(jng)(j)`㡢ӵă(yu)cЇy(tng)»Сfһʽ(chung)ЇF(xin)СfΑB(ti)ѸČW(xu)ңЇF(xin)ČW(xu)ˇg(sh)˵һĵ簢QcɩξӾҼ㑵ȡ
2ѸƷ
СfȺҰ
ɢļϦʰ
sļAwAwm(x)ǻ{(dio)ҽͤsĶѼļL(fng)
3ѸɡȺ塷
ُ(f)(x)ȺԭԼҪƷ
}Ⱥ`eN
Ⱥԭһ醾ѳ˯Ⱥǰ(q)߅ȺЕrԲȺοټįﱼYʿʹǰ(q)
ҪƷӛQl(xing)ҼһС¡
ڡ塷飺
棺塷ķԪcóȼtɫɫԺɫbһɽ̫Ҏ(gu)tΠ̫ꖎĹ˸еЩSڱԼñ߀ߵĵM汻ow塱F(xin)ǡ̎ˌζ
}塷įԷƽf(zhn)gһꪪ
ҪƷףھƘϡšx顷ʾL
Yϣұªߡ˶ĕrªoM(jn)ʧ(j)^֮Ѹ(jng)ģڌ塷ĕr塷rʮq߀ǴߡǕrMϣf(jng)MϣȻ@ϣKƜиõij··ƺδǬF(xin)ڡǣ͌P(gun)Сfcffǟoğo
(do)
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fкöӵŮ˾Ͷ]λvBյę(qun)Ҳ]ֻ˵ĸӹ
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B
1ף1924ӳڰ⽨ֳfЇr(nng)DŮıK\
1911mȻƷķ⽨ƽy(tng)]Џĸϴݚ⽨ƶȵĽ(jng)(j)A(ch)Їfڵۇxͷ⽨x֮Ȼ̎ڰ⽨ֳصĵλ(qun)߀ڵAIk⽨ڷ˼ƶ`Їer(nng)Kr(nng)ĄڄӋDŮܵĉʹH]еλқ]ټыDҕBڄӺę(qun)ҲZףͨ^ɩһıKӳԺЇì̵طӳfǧǧffڄӋDŮͬıK\w܉եkҲܵݚͶѸͨ^ɩĹ@ʾĴݚ͚ڄκ͟oεĵЩҲѸҪ̽Ҫġԡ䌍^ԡLڷ⽨y(tng)ɵߑڄͬ飬¶˵ƶȺfY̵Ԇ˂ʎ@ЩʳߣƵ@ϯ@N(ѸȫһP)
}
P(gun)ڡףףfr㽭Bdһ(jng)^һN(x)ÿ(dng)fvX˼eKuZIi⣬顰YxӮ(dng)ƽҸ
塢xw֪Сf˼·
1ͨ~
2Y(ji)СfҪ鹝(ji)ՈW(xu)xnģnбrgc~ZZԸ(ni)
鹝(ji)(ni)
ĻףcϠ(1-2)
Y(ji)ɩͻȻȥ(3-33)
_˳(zhn)(34-53)
l(f)չuļ(54-65)
߳ٵ(zhn)(66-111)s
βףҵĸ(112)
3˼ףڽY(ji)(gu)ϲȡַʲôã
AСfɩıKY(ji)_ʼͳʬF(xin)xǰxO(sh)һϵБɩ^ȥʲôʲô䵽@زʲô֕ǰǘֵĆ}@һжʹxԴ̽ԭί
B˝ıʾɩcϠ֮gJìͻСf⽨}
4ᆖһڽY(ji)(gu)ϳφ@ʾյD(zhun)
ȻǰҊİEĔƬҲ(lin)һƬˡ
5ՈһͬW(xu)ķ(f)¡
ڶnr
̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)
1ɩwɩ\
2W(xu)(x)茑ַ
һ茑Щַ
Ф茑茑Z茑
^״茑v߿̮ɫ
Ф茑DZĿ̮һcѸf^ҪO(ji)ʡخһ˵cǮ۾ć@
1茑^䮐ͬwФ׃F(xin)\׃Ը}
к׃
ʲô(do)@Щ׃
ɴ˿Կӵһ
A(zhn)
ɩһε(zhn)IJ
˼ɩһε(zhn)ӵĠB(ti)ʲô׃
Ф^^Kȹ{(ln)A\°ױĘɫSa߀Ǽtģ߀_Ѵ(pڄڣ㌍¹)
۾()
F(xin)ƺe͟oֱֵ^һиʳﲻՓⲻϧ(ڿ̈́)
׃M㣬ڽ߅uuЦӰĘҲ(ҪOrżҵ)
˼ɩæµʲôĘυs֡ˣ
_⽨ֻСū`õĕr͡r(wn)ū`ĕr(P)˕rɩǡ(wn)˵ū`ӋĝMϣ{HHĄڄӁQȡaһl·Ȼڄɩͨ^ӱĄڄӁ[ÓK\ԸܿƜ
Bٵ(zhn)
ɩڶε(zhn)rФЩ׃зӳʲô
Ф^^Kȹ{(ln)A\°ױĘɫSֻǃaѽ(jng)ʧѪɫ
۾۽ώЩIۣ۹Ҳ]ǰǘӾ
cǰһr^a۾l(f)׃fܵ˴̼Oȱðַڌ@ʾ(ni)ĵʹͱ
˼ԭfԒɩʲô(f)vëĹ£˂ķ(yng)
зdzͨ^AVl(f)йеʹϣõİοͬ˂sͬ͑zϠҲɼĻ(zhn)ϵ˂ܿͅĹ£ȡЦČ@Щfڌ⽨Y˼ռy(tng)ελɩܲһͨ˵ę(qun)Ҫܾľ
˼ٴλص(zhn)˂ɩđB(ti)ȶ׃ˣɩXô挦Y(ji)
_˵ę(qun)һϣĬĬһXȥTĽY(ji)Բ@Ѫ̵ܵfˣǟoHܵľ
Cǰ
茑Ęɫͬr׃Һֻʧվڶ۾yoȥBҲ(j)ˡҲ㷵tֱһľż
ףʧ(ܴ)
^l(f)ѽ(jng)ȫףȫʮµĘSЎMǰɫ·ľƵֻgһ݆߀Աʾһgһ݆(ľ)
Y(ji)茑ФLڵć(yn)صĴcĥ뱾ȵı(ni)ĵʹo_(d)ѽ(jng)ȫľ(dng)Ұl(f)rǛ]ɵ۾Ȼl(f)ˡ@һl(f)⡱Lʹ˼a(chn)Č`đɽoϣ(dng)B@һccϣoF(xin)ĕrֻ˂һƬףиeg˼ɩɆӳʲô(yng)ԓJ(rn)R
ɩ}һģһڵتzܷҊ档ϣ@ӾͿԺͰëRҊ棬ϣo麦±䏳Ƀɰ롣@L_ă(ni)̎ìܺʹɩ@}һBĴݚĥ⽨y(tng)^đɩoϣֻԼڵĄڄӓQalDZMŬƴؿ?fn)sò@aĝMˡy(tng)ķ⽨^l(f)ˑ
2Y(ji)ͨ^ǰķ˼҂ԿY(ji)ɩ
ɩfЇڄӋDŮĵͣڄ㌍ֵڷ⽨Y̺ͷ⽨˼ռy(tng)ελf`̤Ⱥݚfɡ
ؑ(ji)^δW(xu)Ŀ̖(qun)ȻǡыDټġƉ@W(xu)ᳫDŮع(ji)IСʧ(ji)´ыDټޮ(dng)ȻBδҲҪһ݅ӡ̵DŮҪȥɷδԚѳ@ӵċDŮƷ
ĵ¡δޏĸȼޏķĵD¡DDDɩȫϡĵ¡Ę(bio)(zhn)
£ϸļ(ji)
ݣģ߀_Ѵ
ԣֻۣ_һڡ
s]иʳﲻՓDzϧġ
ڡġɩoɏoɏoӿɏһڴˣ
SѡJ(rn)RѸđKKdzëKڶY̳ɩ
Ѹ҂F(xin)HЇmfºáHs̫ȱ˼ǡТҡ@£Ҳ˺ؓ(f)؟(z)һζʰߵķ
TTĿǞHȻɩЛ](ܻ])ɩŬһѪXQһTƺϴ@ӵõ(zhn)˵J(rn)ˆ(]Уċһ䡰TɩӰĿ̣ZȻ@ɵgتzѸԣǰЃrֵĖ|˺o˿)
⽨Y̌ķNNȺؒc߀DZɩı̽ʾf⽨Y̌ڄӋDŮĴݚȺV˷⽨Y̳˵ı|(zh)
չ˼
又~Ρ
ָСf¶P(gun)Xı̎
ٸdǵ~һԪһP
ڳҵĹX:ÿ
ŏ֧ߵĹXһǧ߰ʮ
uɩXʮǧȢHMãʮǧʣࣺʮǧ
ݾTărXʮǧ(ʮԪ)
cܣ@又܉СҊ⽨ƶ(qun)(qun)(qun)(qun)ӄڄğo鉺եɩ£߀IɱPr~Ҋ⽨l(wi)ʿϠ(jng)(j)ϵıP֧XɩһץһһͰou˰ʮԪʮԪoСȢϱDN⣬߀ٍʮԪ@(qun)ͷ(qun)œɩԼõĹXɸɃT߀敳۹Ҳ@Ҳ(qun)˼댦ӄڄ
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ2
̌W(xu)Ҫ
(zhn)_ɩﱯԴJ(rn)R⽨Y̵|(zh)
W(xu)(x)ľC\Ф茑茑Z茑ķ
wⱾĭh(hun)茑Ȿĵַ
̌W(xu)c
(zhn)_ɩľCķ
̌W(xu)yc
(zhn)_ɩ
Ȿĵַ
̌W(xu)
cܡӑ
̌W(xu)^
һzI(y)
ӑՓc
(dng)?sh)ĭh(hun)茑
ذɩԸϵ`״ش׃(zhn)"ף"ضĭh(hun)P(gun)"ף"茑F(xin)ɩĵͭh(hun)ҲӡɩKһE
ٵһ茑(zhn)ϸҜ(zhn)"ף"龰
ף"(zhn)KĴ"˂Ҫ@һ"ӭӸһĺ\"Ա^m(x)؝ßo"Ҹ""Y"sҪɩһӵŮ"۲ˮͨt"]՛]ҹظԼDҊ˂Ҹǽեȡ@Щrū`Ѫ֮ϵġ@ͨ^h(hun)茑ͽ¶c֮gìܛ_ͻA(y)ʾɩͬrͨ^"Ҽ""ȻҲ"茑Ҳ@ʾԺЇr(nng)ĠrAP(gun)ϵfL(fng)(x)Tf˂˼RfһԒ⽨ͷ⽨˼댦r(nng)Ľy(tng)f@ͨ^h(hun)茑ͽʾɩԴA(y)ʾɩıȻ
ڵڶnjϠף茑
ףfɫķ⽨Żӣףr⽨ڷ˼ͷӵW(xu)^ҲF(xin)鏊(qing)Ϡ(zhn)"L(fng)"ɩմֵĸ]£ɩʧȥףę(qun)ȡ@c(qun)"veĹX"һl"H"Tõ"Tɩ"@һͷǰʹԸһВϣ@һƜ@Ϡףĕȓ{⽨ڷ˼ͷ⽨Y̵ɩһĵ·
ضĭh(hun)茑Ƅ鹝(ji)İl(f)չͬrҲ挍cȾ
۵ǽY(ji)βͨ^""ĸ܌ף茑
ɩđKʥ"A(y)o(zhn)˂ԟoҸ"ĚγrČգˌf˱|(zh)Ľ¶ͬrڲҲβ(yng)ʹСfY(ji)(gu)Ƶ
ɫ̮
Ф茑
׃
ڮ۾
ַ
СY(ji)
ԡף}x
СfףY(ji)ףgһٌף鹝(ji)İl(f)չcףеP(gun)ϵ
⽨ͨ^ףɩɩ"ʥ""A(y)o(zhn)˂ԟoҸ"ףͨ^@(bio)}Ͱ"˵BĚg""K"IJrؔ[xߵǰγɏ(qing)ҵČڱF(xin)}(qing)ɩıԡ
I(y)
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ3
O(sh)ӋD
ʩоԌW(xu)(x)Ǯ(dng)ǰ̸ĵһҪn}оԌW(xu)(x)һNW(xu)(x)ʽ؞ڌW(xu)һл֮еnʼKnjW(xu)W(xu)(x)ҪꇵоԌW(xu)(x)nÌW(xu)(x)Ҫʽnx̌W(xu)ʩоԽ̌W(xu)Ȼǽnx̌W(xu)ҪO(sh)Ӌּڸ׃y(tng)Ľ̌W(xu)ʽ̽ӑµоԽ̌W(xu)ʽʹW(xu)ɂy(tng)ĽʽW(xu)(x)׃ʽW(xu)(x)
O(sh)ӋҪ
O(sh)Ӌ4nrһnrϤnչʾоСM_̽Ŀ(bio)ڶnrСMӑnrСM̽ɹnrоСՓ
O(sh)Ӌʩ
һnr
1ϤnģW(xu)xȫּW(xu)Сf鹝(ji)һ˽
2չʾо_̽Ŀ(bio)̎nķ֞Ăоn}ÿn}Сn}w£
bp
ɩ
Ϡ
l(wi)
ċ
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Сf鹝(ji)ŵc
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ɩh(hun)
ף茑ã
P(gun)ѩ茑á
F(xin)ַbp
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ף}x
n}ͶӰչʾʹÿn}ӑҎ(gu)ÿһMxһn}
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nr
СM̽ɹÿСM]13ͬW(xu)v_MоɹҪÿ˰l(f)Բ^ķ
nr
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1ɩķ
2ɩ̽
3ɩ˺v
4}ף֮Ҋ
5(ɩϠċ)֮Ҋ
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9ɩ(ni)̽
10ף̮һc
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ҵĽ̌W(xu)O(sh)ӋھwʩrЩ׃
1n}ķֽMЩMԼ½M]аώָ
2n}IJЩMxn}
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W(xu)оɹmȻܶwF(xin)YϵҲв٪^cnҌ@Щ^cM(jn)ɞҌFĽ̌W(xu)YW(xu)оСՓ֮Г(j)֮в^cWҫW(xu)ǻ۵Ļƪˡe
̺|
1nоԌW(xu)(x)_׃ˌW(xu)y(tng)ıӽ܌W(xu)(x)ķʽڌW(xu)(x)̽ˌW(xu)(x)
2ώˌW(xu)W(xu)(x)ԱF(xin)ώҪcҪ(do)Ҫпϵu
3оԽ̌W(xu)ώҪˣn(ni)ώvώĂnҪӼ(x)ȫ
4ҪW(xu)ČW(xu)(x)̽ӑЌW(xu)Ǹ߶W(xu)ѽ(jng)һ̽Д˼ѼYYȵھ?q)Wĝ
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ4
һW(xu)(x)(ni)ݸ
ףѸĽ(jng)Ʒ֮һȫƪM˳صĚϢHɩĸFɩĿ(zi)ijз⽨ĶYĉֵľՇй^xģҪеӴκx
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ҕB(yng)l(f)F(xin)̽Q}KW(xu)(x)ûA(ch)
W(xu)bpČW(xu)ƷܸƷζZI(lng)ƷS(ni)wˇg(sh)F(xin)Լw˼ܵȾ͆
xǡ(dng)?sh)n}\ӑՓYϡW(wng)ȷʽM(jn)ӑγɳɹչʾ
(gu)ھW(wng)j(lu)h(hun)W(xu)W(xu)(x)ķʽ
W(xu)(x)߷
xxԄӻW(xu)ZĻA(ch)ձ^ѸҪƷһ˽W(xu)^S߂һӋC(j)ܣϤwordPPTϢ̎bbsM(jn)нϾW(wng)Y
̌W(xu)Ŀ
1W(xu)ͭh(hun)еĵܸƷζZ
2W(xu)þW(wng)j(lu)M(jn)кεČW(xu)оwƷˇg(sh)F(xin)Լẅ́(chung)
3(lin)ϵƷh(hun)l(f)
塢̌W(xu)^O(sh)Ӌ
1̌W(xu)
ӲýwW(wng)j(lu)ң܌W(xu)ƷM(jn)ЏV
ܛáսxp2ľW(wng)j(lu)̌W(xu)ƽ_
2W(xu)(x)cĘC(j)
3O(sh)Ӌnr3nr
4̌W(xu)^O(sh)Ӌf
ur(bio)(zhn)ͷ
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СMurf(xi){(dio)ɹur(chung)
ע
1oW(xu)W(xu)(x)^m(yng)µČW(xu)(x)h(hun)
2W(wng)j(lu)Zķ(w)|(zh)ǹP(gun)Iǽ̎ZĵĽ̌W(xu)Ǽg(sh)
3oW(xu)˼ĕrg㸡\ğ[
4KԌW(xu)@оČW(xu)p˼ķĿԌnĵ⡢Ϣ̎wc
5C(j)ҌW(xu)˼S(yng)ע
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ5
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2.W(xu)΄eg͵Ĺ(ji)gc
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1.ßgwݳeףO(sh)Ӌݳʽ
2.W(xu)΄eg͵Ĺ(ji)
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eףһ½΄e΄eg{(dio)(yu)(ji)΄eĘNܶж߸ȏܘֹȴ^д
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̌W(xu)^
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W(xu)
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(2)ٶԿ죻
(3)^(qing)eǵڶεĽY(ji)β6w߳
(4)ĽY(ji)(gu)^
(5)(ji)赸
(6)гF(xin)^ʾgr~ȵ
(7)ͬҳc
6.Ȼ(yu)鱼ŵwݳ
֪RU(ku)չ
pҕl͏DƬI(lng)W(xu)ģ
塢NʽF(xin)
СMM(jn)ӑՓ(ݳʽࡢ߅߅ȵ)
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҂ͬM(jn)½J(rn)R˞΄e˽˂Լ͵Ĺ(ji)ʮʮ仨Ժn҂߀˽ܶܶdȤͬW(xu)n^m(x)ѼһЩYϡ҂ȴ´ε֮ð
(yu)Zġף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌͨ5ƪP(gun)£
Ză(yu)̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ07-03
Zף̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ03-19
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Zġɽ(yu)̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌģ07-08
СW(xu)Zġ^(yu)̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ05-11