高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法梳理：形容詞和副詞
I． 要點(diǎn)
A． 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來(lái)修飾、描繪名詞的，通常在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，有時(shí)還可作狀語(yǔ)。如：
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞的順序：
冠詞+序數(shù)詞+基數(shù)詞+性質(zhì)狀態(tài)（描述性）+形狀大小+新舊老少+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞。如：
the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容詞比較等級(jí)的形式
�。�1） 規(guī)則形式
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，單音節(jié)詞及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在后加-er; -est 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)；其他雙音節(jié)詞及多音節(jié)詞在前加more, most.如：
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the) most important
�。�2） 不規(guī)則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
（3） 形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法
�、俦硎緝烧叩谋容^，用形容詞的比較級(jí)+than. 如：
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
�、诒硎緝烧咭陨系谋容^，用"the +形容詞最高級(jí)（+名詞）+of(in) …"如：
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
�、郾硎緝烧呤峭瘸潭龋�"as +形容詞原級(jí)+as". 如：
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
�、� 越… 越…
例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.
�、� You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么贊揚(yáng)這個(gè)老師也不過(guò)分。
�、� I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔(dān)心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過(guò)的最好的.一頓飯。
�、� My English is no better than yours.
我的英語(yǔ)和你的英語(yǔ)都不怎么樣。
B．副詞
1、 副詞的種類
�。�1） 時(shí)間副詞 如：ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
�。�2） 地點(diǎn)副詞 如：here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
�。�3） 方式副詞 如：carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
�。�4） 程度副詞 如：almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級(jí)的用法
其用法與形容詞相似，只是副詞最高級(jí)前可省略定冠詞。如：
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區(qū)別
�。�1） already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經(jīng)發(fā)生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句；still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，有時(shí)也可用于否定句。如：
We've already watched that film.
I haven't finished my homework yet.
He still works until late every night.
�。�2） too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，too和as well多用于口語(yǔ)，一般放在句末，而also多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，一般放在句中與動(dòng)詞連用。either用于否定句和否定的疑問(wèn)句，往往放在句末。如：
He went there too.
He didn't go there either.
I like you as well.
I also went there.
(3) hard, hardly
hardly意為"幾乎"與hard在詞義上完全不同。如：
I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意為"最近、近來(lái)"，late意為"晚、遲"。如：
He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
II． 例題
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____
A high enough B tall enough
C enough high C enough tall
解析：該題正確答案是B。修飾人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞后面。因此該題選B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.
A When I take more medicine
B The more medicine I take
C Taking more of the medicine
D More medicine taken
解析：該題正確答案為B。 "the+形容詞比較級(jí)+… , the +形容詞比較級(jí)+…"意為越…，越…。該句意為：吃的藥越多，我的病越是加重。
例3"I haven't been to London yet".
"I haven't been there ____".
A too B also C either D neither
解析：該題正確答案為C。 A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不"，而C-either則用于否定句中，意為"也"。
例4 Mr. Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply
解析：該題正確答案為B。 A. deep用于副詞時(shí)，修飾具體的深，如dig deep,而B(niǎo)-deeply則修飾表示感情色彩的詞，如該題為deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均為副詞，不能互相修飾。
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